Biology 9700/02 May June 2008 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Blood flow pathways and pressure differences in the heart, highlighting structural adaptations and effects of nicotine and carbon monoxide on the cardiovascular system.
2. Roles of centrioles in animal cells during mitosis and visibility of cellular membranes in electron versus light microscopy.
3. Effect of temperature on beetroot pigment leakage, with experimental analysis of results and cellular membrane damage explanations.
4. Adaptations in Tibetans for high-altitude living, including differences in tidal volume, red blood cell counts, and acclimatization mechanisms for oxygen uptake.
5. Malaria transmission methods, challenges in vaccine development, and enzyme inhibition strategies to block Plasmodium falciparum entry into red blood cells.
6. Energy transfer efficiency in Arctic food webs, trophic level complexities, and factors influencing energy transfer by herbivorous copepods.