Biology 9700/22 Oct Nov 2012 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Differences in detail between light and electron microscopy for visualizing mesophyll cell structures.
2. Structural features of amylose and amylopectin, alongside magnesium's role in chloroplast function.
3. Diagrammatic representation of the fluid mosaic model and explanations for the term's relevance in membrane dynamics.
4. Analysis of energy transfer in the food web of humpback whales, emphasizing trophic level efficiency.
5. Mechanisms for infectious disease transmission, with a focus on typhoid prevention and vaccination impacts.
6. Structural stability of DNA molecules, their coding role, and allele variations in the β-haemoglobin gene.
7. Enzyme activity modulation by ATP analogues and the implications for DNA synthesis rates.
8. Coronary bypass surgery challenges in prevention and treatment balance, focusing on arteriosclerosis resistance in grafts.