Biology 9700/43 Oct Nov 2013 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Genetic inheritance of eye color in Drosophila, chi-squared analysis for expected phenotypic ratios, and sex-linked inheritance patterns.
2. Evolutionary relationships between coelacanths, lungfish, and amphibians based on hemoglobin amino acid sequence comparisons.
3. Energy and water production differences in metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins during aerobic respiration.
4. Menstrual cycle physiology, including fertile window determination, hormonal changes, and predictive methods for ovulation.
5. Genetic diversity analysis in teosinte and cultivated maize, conservation of wild relatives, and hybrid vigor benefits in agriculture.
6. Nerve impulse transmission, action potential phases, and saxitoxin effects on sodium ion channels in neuronal membranes.