Biology 9700/22 Oct Nov 2021 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

- Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic cells: structural differences, cell surface membrane components, ribosomes, DNA, cell wall characteristics.
- Membrane transport mechanisms: roles of carrier proteins, channel proteins in substance transport across cell membranes.
- Chloroplast distribution in plant cells: peripheral localization, functional significance.
- Mitosis stages in plant root cells: identification of cells in different mitotic phases, labeling requirements.
- Capillary dynamics: blood pressure effects on tissue fluid formation, osmotic movement of water, role of plasma proteins.
- Protein testing in blood plasma: reagents for protein detection, colorimetric changes indicating presence.