Biology 9700/22 March 2022 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

- Cell membrane transport mechanisms: active transport, facilitated diffusion, simple diffusion, concentration gradients, carrier proteins.
- Root hair adaptations: surface area, length, water absorption efficiency, Casparian strip function.
- Mitosis stages: identification of mitotic phases, cytokinesis, daughter chromosome distribution, telomere roles in DNA replication.
- Enzyme kinetics: catechol oxidase, substrate concentration effects, Michaelis-Menten constant, reaction rates, excess substrate implications.
- Tuberculosis causative agents: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, prokaryotic cell features, impact of HIV on T-helper cell counts, implications for TB mortality.
- Atrial fibrillation effects: electrical impulse disruption, stroke risk, blood clot pathways, brain damage mechanisms, heart rhythm control.