Biology 9700/21 Oct Nov 2022 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

- Transmission electron microscopy advantages over light microscopy: resolution, detail, organelle visibility.
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions: lipid synthesis, detoxification, enzyme attachment benefits.
- Human circulatory system characteristics: closed circulation, double circulation, blood vessel identification.
- Antibody structure differences: quaternary structure variations, shark vs. human antibodies, therapeutic implications.
- Gene mutation effects: polypeptide synthesis disruption, intron mutation consequences, enzyme activation by pH changes.
- Virosome structure and function: vaccine application, glycoprotein roles, infectious disease vector dynamics.