Chemistry 9701/32 May June 2011 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Determination of the formula of hydrated sodium carbonate, titration with hydrochloric acid, calculation of moles, and determination of the mole ratio between reactants.
2. Calculation of enthalpy changes in reactions, energy calculations based on temperature changes, and analysis of heat energy produced in the reaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
3. Conducting qualitative analysis, identifying ions through precipitation reactions, using reagents like sodium hydroxide and ammonia, and determining cations and anions present in unknown solutions.
4. Organic reactions involving ester formation, testing for functional groups, and understanding the behavior of compounds like propanone and iodine in reactions.
5. Suggestions for improving experimental accuracy, including enhancing apparatus and methods to reduce heat loss and improve the reliability of enthalpy change measurements.