Chemistry 9701/21 Oct Nov 2011 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Determining the empirical and molecular formulas of organic compounds, oxidation of organic compounds with CuO, and the use of Hess's law for calculating enthalpy changes.
2. Ionization energy trends across elements, including reasoning for variations in ionization energy, and explaining deviations using electronic configurations and periodic trends.
3. Thermal decomposition and stability of Group II compounds, particularly carbonates and nitrates, with balanced equations and analysis of the reactivity differences.
4. Reactions of alkanes and alkenes, mechanism descriptions, and the formation of organic by-products from halogenation reactions.
5. Structure and properties of proteins, amino acids, hydrolysis, and peptide bonds, with applications in biological systems and buffer solutions in biological contexts.