Chemistry 9701/53 Oct Nov 2011 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Investigation of effusion rates for gases, relationship between molecular mass and effusion speed, experimental design using a syringe and effusion hole, data recording for different gases.
2. Mass and molar calculations for lead oxide reduction, determination of oxidation states and mole ratios, graphing results to deduce oxide formulas.
3. Use of hydrogen in the reduction of metal oxides, titration setup to find impurities, reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid for purity analysis.
4. Data analysis from titration experiments, determining moles of acid and base, calculating the purity of calcium carbonate from mass differences.
5. Qualitative analysis of halide ions, tests for anions, identification of gases like carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, understanding solubility and reactivity trends in various salts.