Chemistry 9701/12 March 2021 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Isotopes and Periodic Table properties: Identifying isotopes, electronic configurations, ionization energies, and atomic radius trends in elements.

2. Reaction mechanisms: Nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic addition, and redox behavior in organic and inorganic reactions involving halides, bromine, and nitrogen oxides.

3. Thermodynamics and equilibria: Enthalpy of combustion, reaction kinetics under catalytic conditions, and equilibrium constant calculations for gas-phase reactions.

4. Functional group transformations: Oxidation of alcohols, ester hydrolysis, identification of ketones and acids, and reactions involving ethanedioic acid derivatives.

5. Chemical bonding: Analysis of intermolecular forces, Boltzmann distribution shifts with temperature, and structural features like chiral centers in complex organic molecules.

6. Analytical techniques: IR spectral interpretation for product identification, reactivity trends with oxidizing/reducing agents, and applications of Fehling’s reagent and manganate(VII) solutions.