History 8145/1B/E June 2023

AQA GCSE History (8145) Jun 2023

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The exam paper examines conflict and tension in the Gulf and Afghanistan (1990–2009), focusing on key events and international relations. Topics include criticism of the United Nations′ role, analysis of the Gulf War (1990–1991), challenges faced by President Karzai and coalition forces in post-invasion Afghanistan, and motivations behind the 2003 Iraq invasion, particularly regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction. Themes cover global diplomacy, military strategy, and socio-political impacts of conflict. The paper emphasizes source evaluation, contextual understanding, and critical reasoning to assess the causes, consequences, and broader implications of military interventions in the Middle East and South Asia.