Citizenship Studies J270,02 June 2022

1. Local and National Governance: Role of local authorities, sources of funding, public service provision, challenges in meeting community needs, and democratic structures.

2. Human Rights and Responsibilities: Debate on individual rights vs. societal responsibilities, laws promoting human rights, perspectives from pressure groups and political parties.

3. Legal and Political Systems: Separation of powers, judicial independence, differences between criminal and civil law, and democratic improvements.

4. Youth Justice System: Crime statistics analysis, police effectiveness, factors influencing youth crime, and strategies for reducing reoffending.

5. Social and Economic Equality: Pay disparities by ethnicity, professional occupation accessibility, and measures to promote social mobility.

6. Citizenship Action and Political Influence: Marcus Rashford’s campaign, food bank support strategies, engagement with elected representatives, and community outreach for social change.