History (A) J410,13 November 2021 , OCR GCSE Past Papers with Mark Schemes

1. Opposition to Charles I’s Personal Rule (1629–1640) | Causes of discontent, financial policies, religious tensions, restrictions on parliamentary power, resistance from political and social groups.

2. The Legitimacy of Charles I’s Trial | Analysis of Sources A–C, Pride’s Purge and military control of Parliament, Cromwell’s determination for execution, Charles I’s defense questioning legal authority.

3. Impact of the Civil Wars on Kenilworth Castle | Structural damage, strategic use, modifications for military purposes, decline in royal ownership, effects of Parliamentarian control.

4. Historical Usefulness of Sources on Kenilworth Castle (1120–1600) | Comparison of Source D (Henry III’s repair orders) and Source E (modern photograph), reliability for understanding medieval castle functions and modifications.

5. Political and Military Struggles of the English Civil War | Power struggle between monarchy and Parliament, role of the army in controlling political outcomes, impact on governance and royal authority.

6. Evolution of Castles and Their Roles | Transition from military strongholds to administrative centers, architectural adaptations in response to warfare, decline in strategic importance post-medieval period.