Biology 5090/12 Oct Nov 2024 | Cambridge O-Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Cell Structure & Classification | Identifying root hair cells, xylem vessels, red blood cells; binomial nomenclature; active transport; and properties of biological molecules.

2. Enzymes & Photosynthesis | Catalase activity; temperature effects on enzyme rate; photosynthesis limiting factors; leaf structure functions.

3. Transport & Digestion | Water and ion uptake in roots; transpiration rates; protein digestion by pepsin; villi function in nutrient absorption.

4. Respiration & Circulation | Lung function in breathing; germination respiration; heart defects affecting circulation; blood components and their roles.

5. Immunity & Disease | Malaria transmission; effects of carbon monoxide on blood; antibiotic effectiveness against bacteria vs. viruses; vaccination impact on measles cases.

6. Nervous & Hormonal Control | Reflex responses; eye focusing mechanisms; hormone-producing glands and their functions; thermoregulation.

7. Growth & Reproduction | Phototropism; meiosis characteristics; asexual reproduction by mitosis; germination inhibition by seed testas.

8. Genetics & Evolution | DNA as genetic material; probability in blood group inheritance; artificial selection outcomes in farming.

9. Ecosystems & Conservation | Energy transfer in food chains; carbon cycle processes; population dynamics; pollution effects on aquatic life.