Biology 9700/06 Oct Nov 2002

1. African elephant adaptations: large limbs supporting body mass, structural differences with aquatic dugongs for habitat-specific functions.

2. Sustainable wildlife management: human-elephant population inverse correlation, CAMPFIRE scheme for balancing hunting and conservation, and data-driven population control.

3. Orchid features: monocotyledon traits like parallel veins and fibrous root systems; vascular bundle positioning linked to structural and transport roles.

4. Kefir production: lactose fermentation by yeast, pH changes due to bacterial activity, and microbial encapsulation forming "grains" for fermentation separation.

5. Tissue culture in agriculture: sterile propagation of orchids; cytokinin concentration impacts on shoot-root balance and nutrient media roles for growth.

6. Antibiotic resistance: gene mutations conferring resistance; interspecies similarity in resistance to structurally similar antibiotics C and D, highlighting evolutionary conservation.