Human Biology 4HB1/02 November 2023 | Edexcel IGCSE Past Papers With Mark Scheme

Edexcel International GCSE Human Biology (4HB1) Nov 2023

معلم موافق رایگان بودن است.

1. Sensory and coordination systems: eye and ear structure functions (retina, cochlea, optic/auditory nerve, ossicles, semicircular canals, pupil, ciliary body), binocular vision for depth perception, balance and sensory signal transmission.
2. Genetics and inheritance: sickle cell anaemia pedigree analysis, recessive allele concept, genotype diagram, probability of affected male child, codominance and sex-linked inheritance understanding.
3. Vaccination and immunity: antibody level trends across doses and booster, active immunity, antigen components in vaccines, maternal antibodies presence, importance of booster for memory cell reactivation.
4. Statins and health: lifestyle changes for cholesterol reduction, statin contraindications (liver/kidney disease, pregnancy), adverse side effects vs placebo comparison, conclusion from symptom scores, ethical and physiological reasoning.
5. Reproductive and cellular biology: sperm cell parts and functions (acrosome, nucleus, tail), fertilization process, magnification calculation, cheek cell tissue type, mitosis vs meiosis.
6. Enzymes and digestion: lipase and bile salts on olive oil, temperature-dependent enzyme activity, pH drop due to fatty acid release, control variables, optimal temperature estimation and justification.