Biology 9700/13 Oct Nov 2016 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Identification of structural features unique to eukaryotic animal cells, size comparisons between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and organelle size determination through magnification.

2. Differences in ribosome types and DNA organization between prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.

3. Benedict’s test for reducing sugars, systematic error identification, and strategies for error reduction through repeated measurements.

4. Key molecular characteristics of collagen, haemoglobin, and sucrose, emphasizing protein structure and bonding.

5. Significance of β-glucose linkage in cellulose for hydrogen bonding and structural integrity in plant cell walls.

6. Variability in enzyme kinetics between glucokinase and hexokinase, analyzing substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency.

7. Impact of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors on enzyme activity, illustrated through changes in \\(K_m\\) and \\(V_{\\text{max}}\\).

8. Functional roles of glycoproteins and glycolipids in cell membrane recognition by the immune system.

9. Processes of osmosis, endocytosis, and facilitated diffusion, focusing on passive versus active transport mechanisms.

10. Relationships between humidity, transpiration rate, and stomatal regulation in plants.