Chemistry 9701/12 Oct Nov 2013 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Industrial extraction of aluminum using electrolysis, focusing on cryolite's role in reducing bauxite's melting point.
2. Oxidation states in nitrogen compounds, including reaction-specific oxidation number changes.
3. Reaction mechanisms, such as autocatalysis and free radical substitution, analyzing activation energy and rate-time graphs.
4. Gas density comparisons and equilibrium constant calculations for nitrogen and ammonia systems.
5. Chemical properties of Group II elements, including reactions with sulfuric acid, trends in ionic radius, and uses in agriculture and refractory materials.
6. Organic chemistry applications: alcohol oxidation, stereoisomerism, SN2 mechanism for bromoalkane reactions, and alcohol synthesis.
7. Environmental chemistry: sulfur dioxide's role in food preservation, NO2 conversion, and the impact of equilibrium shifts under temperature changes.