History (A) J410,05 June 2022 , OCR GCSE Past Papers with Mark Schemes

1. Botha’s Total Strategy Against Apartheid Opponents – Use of military force, censorship, and economic reforms to weaken resistance.

2. Black Consciousness Movement (1970s) and Its Importance – Role in fostering African identity, inspiring youth activism, and leading to the Soweto Uprising.

3. Strengthening of Apartheid by the National Party (1960s) – Implementation of laws, expansion of police powers, and suppression of opposition.

4. Usefulness of Source A on South Africa – Highlights government oppression, detainment, and lack of justice under Apartheid.

5. Message of Source B (Cartoon from Sowetan, 1990) – Likely commentary on political exiles and challenges of returning to South Africa post-Apartheid.

6. Reasons for Apartheid’s Survival in the 1970s – Debate over international anti-Apartheid movement’s effectiveness versus internal factors like government repression and economic strength.