Biology 9700/42 May June 2011 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Conservation biology: threats to Bufo calamita populations, including habitat destruction, climate effects, and conservation strategies listed under the IUCN Red List.

2. Enzyme technology: immobilized enzyme stability in industrial processes, advantages like reusability, and differences in activity between immobilized and free enzymes at various temperatures.

3. Photosynthesis mechanisms: effects of Rubisco on carbon assimilation under high temperature, anatomical adaptations in maize minimizing photorespiration, and atmospheric CO\\(_2\\) impact on crop yield.

4. Genetic engineering and agriculture: benefits and ecological risks of Bt maize, including impacts on aquatic invertebrates and challenges in ecological extrapolation from laboratory experiments.

5. Biochemical processes: Krebs cycle intermediates, oxidative phosphorylation mechanics on mitochondrial cristae, and ATP production dynamics.

6. Genetics: Meiosis-driven genetic variation mechanisms, Huntington's disease inheritance patterns, and gene expression regulation's role in targeted contraception methods like ZP3 suppression.