Biology 9700/31 Oct Nov 2011 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Bronchial wall structure, including roles of cilia and mucus-secreting cells in respiratory health.
2. Immune system functions with detailed types of white blood cells like macrophages and lymphocytes.
3. Vaccination impact, comparing eradication success of smallpox versus challenges in controlling cholera and sickle cell anemia.
4. Nitrogen fixation in agriculture, detailing bacterial enzyme activity and benefits to soil fertility.
5. Structural differences between deoxyribose and α-glucose, and associated biological macromolecule bonds.
6. Smoking-related mortality data linking tobacco consumption to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.