Biology 9700/12 May June 2016 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Identifying cellular processes and organelle functions, focusing on ATP production, protein synthesis, and active transport mechanisms.

2. Exploring protein structures and their bonds, enzyme inhibition types, and temperature effects on enzyme activity in different organisms.

3. Examining cellular transport, including facilitated diffusion, active transport, and roles of cholesterol and phospholipids in membranes.

4. Understanding mitosis, DNA replication, and complementary base pairing, emphasizing their importance in genetic stability and cellular function.

5. Analyzing plant water transport systems, heavy metal ion accumulation pathways, and sucrose translocation in phloem.

6. Investigating gas exchange, hemoglobin affinity for gases, and adaptations in blood and respiratory systems for efficient oxygen transport.

7. Exploring infectious disease transmission, pathogen identification, and immune responses, highlighting natural immunity and monoclonal antibody applications.