Biology 9700/11 Oct Nov 2012 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Differentiating cellular structures in secretory cells and understanding functional markers in dicotyledonous leaf cross-sections.

2. Analyzing shared features between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, emphasizing molecular components like ribosomes and DNA.

3. Comparing biochemical properties and structural roles of molecules such as β-glucose, collagen, and hemoglobin in biological systems.

4. Exploring enzymatic reactions, stability of bonds at increasing temperatures, and specific substrate-binding interactions in active sites.

5. Examining the fluid mosaic model of membranes, mechanisms of passive and facilitated diffusion, and transport proteins' roles in maintaining cell homeostasis.

6. Investigating mitotic stages, chromosome behavior, and DNA replication accuracy to ensure genetic stability.

7. Evaluating processes in transpiration, mass flow systems, and xylem vessel function, emphasizing osmotic and hydrostatic pressure effects.

8. Investigating immune responses to vaccinations, functions of B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes, and causes of severe combined immune deficiencies.

9. Analyzing nitrogen cycle components, identifying bacterial roles in nitrogen fixation, and calculating energy transfer efficiency across trophic levels.