Cambridge Progression Test Stage 8 Science 2022 Paper 1

1. Biology: nutrient function (protein, fat, vitamin A, calcium), respiration site (mitochondria), breathing system analogy (diaphragm model), red vs grey squirrel population change (invasive species), experimental fair testing (metal reactions).
2. Chemistry: atomic structure (Rutherford model, particle naming, charges), exothermic reaction temperature rise, concentration calculations (g/100 cm³), reactivity series observations, chemical word equations (e.g. zinc + acid → salt + hydrogen).
3. Physics: average speed calculation (distance/time), equipment for measurement (stopwatch, ruler), dispersion of white light through glass, ray path prediction (e.g. yellow light), pressure change with temperature (particle model explanation).
4. Earth science and environment: global temperature trend since 1850 (graph interpretation), CO₂ as main greenhouse gas, climate change vs weather distinction, prediction for future temperature change, solar system object recognition.
5. Scientific method and logic: data presentation (table/graph), analogy definition and usage in biological models, variable control in fair tests (reaction timing), diffusion process recognition (perfume spread), concentration comparison using mass/volume logic.