Biology 9700/42 Oct Nov 2014 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Artificial selection principles in developing golden retrievers as guide dogs, hybridization within the Canis genus, and species classification criteria.

2. VEGF inhibition by monoclonal antibodies like Avastin®, hybridoma technology for antibody production, and advantages of humanized antibodies.

3. Recombinant DNA technology for insulin synthesis, enzyme functions in rDNA production, and comparison of human and modified insulin activities.

4. Conservation of endangered plants, genetic diversity assessment in Vatica guangxiensis populations, and roles of seed banks in long-term preservation.

5. Structural and functional differences between ATP and adenine nucleotides, energy yield from glucose and lipids in respiration.

6. Neural transmission mechanisms, synaptic activity, role of acetylcholinesterase, and neuron type classification based on structure and function.

7. Genetic basis and effects of phenylketonuria (PKU), inheritance patterns, and RNA transcription errors impacting protein synthesis.

8. Photosynthesis-related reactions in mesophyll cells, rubisco activity optimization under light, and carbon dioxide diffusion pathways in plant tissues.