Biology 9700/42 Oct Nov 2017 | Cambridge AS Level Past Papers With Mark Scheme

1. Conservation of snow leopards (Panthera uncia), including ecological impacts of population decline, CITES agreements for endangered species, and genetic diversity implications of reduced populations.

2. Light-dependent photosynthesis experiments using DCPIP as a hydrogen acceptor, effects of light intensity on reaction rates, and the importance of buffer and isotonic conditions in chloroplast suspension preparations.

3. Molecular investigations in red deer populations (Cervus elaphus) to assess genetic diversity, unique molecular traits in isolated populations, and conservation implications.

4. Thermoregulation in humans through vasodilation and sweating, diabetic symptoms related to water balance and glucose levels, and the use of biosensors for blood glucose monitoring.

5. Huntington’s disease genetic mechanisms, implications of CAG repeats, challenges in gene therapy, and ethical considerations in genetic screening and IVF embryo selection.

6. Eugenol effects on sodium ion movement in neurons, its application in pain relief, and concentration-dependent impact on ion channel function.

7. Substrate-level phosphorylation in ATP synthesis, lipid metabolism roles in respiration, energy yield comparisons between lipids and carbohydrates, and respiratory quotient calculations for lauric acid.

8. Autosomal linkage and genetic crosses in sweet peas (Lathyrus odoratus), effects of recombination on offspring phenotypes, and mechanisms of gene mutation in plant genetics.

9. Structure-function relationships of mitochondria, anaerobic respiration differences in liver versus yeast cells, and their biochemical adaptations.

10. Meiosis contributions to genetic variation and mutant alleles’ effects, such as albinism, on phenotypic traits through disruption of pigment synthesis pathways.