Classical Civilisation J199,12 November 2021 , OCR GCSE Past Papers with Mark Schemes

1. Women in Greek Religion and Society: Roles of temple women, participation in the Panathenaia, Athenian religious festivals, and hetairai′s influence in symposia.

2. Greek Social and Economic Roles: Differences between hetairai and pornai, skills required for hetairai, and the societal view of women like Neaira and Aspasia.

3. Roman Women and Public Image: The status of Roman actresses, Clodius’ scandalous actions, the importance of the Flaminica Dialis, and the role of the Sibylline Books.

4. Women and Political Influence: The debate on whether Roman women had political power, how female warriors were depicted as weaker, and mythical vs. real female figures.

5. Marriage and Gender Expectations: The dominance of marriage in Greek and Roman women′s lives, arranged marriages, and how women like Medea and Cleopatra were perceived as threats.

6. Cultural Representation of Women: The portrayal of Camilla, Amazon warriors, and how women in myths were often shown as dangerous, manipulative, or needing control.